The goal of this educational module (EM) is to guide the student through the steps for measuring the thermal and electrical properties of solids using the thermal transport option (TTO) of the VersaLab. The TTO permits the simultaneous measurement of the thermoelectric potential (usually represented by TEP or S), thermal conductivity (κ), and electrical resistivity (ρ) as a function of temperature and magnetic field. Initially the students will be guided to measure a sample of nickel, in order to get acquainted with the technique, hardware and software. This will be followed by measurements in semiconductors (undoped, n-type, and p-type), and a magnetically ordered sample (e.g. one of the heavier lanthanides). The study in semiconductors aims at exposing the students to issues in thermoelectric materials and devices. The measurements in the heavy rare-earths is intended to demonstrate how sensitive the thermal properties can be to the onset of magnetic ordering.
Several items are needed for this experiment, which include:
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